| 张灿,姜国芳,杨江楠,陈国庆,谢宗波,乐长高.多孔材料固定化脂肪酶的研究进展[J].分子催化,2020,34(4):378-396 |
| 多孔材料固定化脂肪酶的研究进展 |
| Research Progress of Immobilized Lipase on Porous Materials |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-16 修订日期：2020-06-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 脂肪酶 固定化 多孔材料 研究进展 |
| 英文关键词:lipase immobilized porous materials research progress |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（No.21462001），江西省科技计划项目（Nos.20192BBH80012） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在有机合成中，脂肪酶是一种符合绿色化学理念、能显著提高催化效率和对生化工业具有重要意义的生物催化剂，它的研究和应用涉及很多领域.然而，在众多有机反应中，脂肪酶容易受水、温度、pH值、酶液浓度、底物浓度、酶的激活剂或抑制剂等许多因素的影响，导致失活，产率降低.为了解决这一问题，酶的固定化技术引起了广大科研工作者的浓厚兴趣，并发现了很多酶的固定化载体.其中，多孔材料类固定化载体颇受青睐，它具有孔隙率高、比表面积大、相对密度低、吸附性能较佳、渗透性能较好和精确的分子识别功能等优点.实验证明，多孔材料固定化酶比游离酶的应用效果更佳，多次循环利用后仍旧保持较高的酶活性.我们主要对多孔材料在固定化脂肪酶方面的应用和固定化酶的催化效果做了一个总结，多孔材料主要包括纳米多孔材料、大配体多孔材料、碳骨架多孔材料、氧化硅骨架多孔材料、聚合物类多孔材料等. |
| 英文摘要: |
| In organic synthesis, lipase is a biocatalyst that conforms to the concept of green chemistry, can significantly improve catalytic efficiency, and is of great significance to the biochemical industry. However, in many organic reactions, lipases are easily affected by many factors such as water, temperature, pH value, enzyme solution concentration, substrate concentration, enzyme activator or inhibitor, etc., leading to inactivation and reduced yield. In order to solve this problem, the enzyme immobilization technology has aroused great interest of the scientific research workers, and found many enzyme immobilized carriers. Among them, porous material immobilized carriers are favored. It has the advantages of high porosity, large specific surface area, low relative density, better adsorption performance, good permeability and accurate molecular recognition function. The experiments showed that the immobilized enzyme in porous materials is better than the free enzyme, and it still maintains a high enzyme activity after multiple recycling. This article mainly summarizes the application of porous materials in immobilizing lipase and the catalytic effect of immobilized enzyme. Porous materials mainly includenanoporous materials, large ligand porous materials, carbon skeleton porous materials, silicon oxide skeleton porous materials and polymer porous materials. |
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